Categories - Climate Change

Sub Categories

Topics

flood, cmip6, e3sm, integrated-assessment, xclim, esgf, tropical-cyclone, cmip, chirps, hazard-assessment, inundation, integrated-assessment-model, cesm, hazard, climate-data-analysis, floods, s2s, imerg, esi, emodis, climateserv, cf-conventions, national-water-center, ncar, agricultura, meteorologia, neuralgcm, climate-indices, icclim, coupled-human-natural-systems, gcam, cmip5, human-earth-system, esmf, climate-datasets, climate-stations, kml, national-climate-database, hurricane, disaster, climate-forecasting, zealand, tropical, timeseries-format, scenario-data, macro-energy, integrated-assessment-scenarios, iamc-format, world3, anuclim, model-validation, forecast-evaluation, contingency-table, fms, gfdl, cyclones, china, adcirc, xarray-accessor, hector, gcam-china, archiving, weather-information, ncei, ncdc, apache-beam, historical-weather, byrd, fever, flood-inundation-maps, solar-radiation, relative-humidity, oceans, ohio-state-university, cdat, climate-research, climate-sciences, pcmdi, xcdat, frost, climate-impacts, gdpcir, design-rainfall, duration, duration-steps, dwa, dwa-a-531, elevation, heavy-rain, intensity-duration-frequency, diurnal-temperature, cru-cl2, cru, kostra, return-period, prepare, cmor3, sr15, multiple-threads, strategic-planning, demographics, colombia, matlab-toolbox, ropenspain, forecast-api, aemet, psha, openquake-engine, openquake, cluster, national-water-model, hand, tiros, radiometric, metop, pathway-analysis, storms, performance-diagram, mrms, hail, cloud-optimized, servirglobal, servir, ndvi, bom, australia-bureau-of-meteorology, gpm-imerg, mtclim, ornl-daac, hector-model, hut23-1077, netcdf-files, lac, cmip6-data, kokkos, cxx, magicc-model, climate-policy, unstructured-grids, ugrid, ecosystem, clm, spaceweather, iris, vulnerability, reinsurance, loss, insurance, catastrophe-modelling, catastrophe-model, gac, avhrr, inasafe, disasterresponse, parameters, ecco, warming-stripes, sea-levels, carbon-dioxide-data, h5py, pca, eof-analysis, dimensionality-reduction, jedi, gefs, gdas, xgcm, cangrd, tensorflow2, sckit-learn, ensemble-machine-learning, geoinformatics, logon, s2d, weather-conditions, tropical-cyclone-variability, potential-intensity, hurricanes, hurricane-calculations, unidata-netcdf, gridded-climate-data, aoi, smap, tropical-storms, ahccd, climate-simulations, climate-indicators, calculation-climate, hadcrut5, variance-scaling, quantile-mapping, quantile-delta-mapping, linear-scaling, detrended-quantile-mapping, delta-method, delta-change-method, cdf, bias-adjustment, data-catalog, cesm-lens, cyclones-behaviour, surge, storm, adaptive, near-real-time, warming-levels, ipcc-regions, climate4r, climate-change-atlas, flood-risk-models, pollen-measurements, phenology-data, ogd, lisvap, lisflood, glofas, efas, um, pp, cfunits, cfdm, cf, rating-curve, hec-ras, floodplain, dem, predictive-analytics, multimodel-ensemble, mpi4py, disaster-risk-management, projection, conflict, tsunami, gsod, ai-for-climate, ndimensional-arrays, compressed, landslide, debrisflow, urban-climate-model, transcription, digitization, data-rescue, archives, netcdf-library, netcdf-fortran, sedimentation, sediment-transport, paleogeography, paleoclimate, global-data, daily-weather, daily-data, ecmwf-services, cds, sea-ice-thickness, scicomm, oceanic-nino, earthkit, ogc, indices, model-diagnostics, med-team, large-language-models, climate-services, climate-assessments, lithology, roms, regional, regcm, coupled, soil-plant-atmosphere, sif, fluorescence, rstats-package, nuopc, model-coupling, esmx, earth-system-modelling, earth-system-modeling-framework, norwegian, noresm, cansips, landscape-evolution-model, erosion-process, compaction, basin-modeling, flood-monitoring, cyclone, regrid, netcdf-operators, nco, hdf, gsl, mpas-analysis, mpas, satellite-imagery-analysis, landsat-data, geodata,

Projects

Contributors

Earl Schwab [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Fei Liu [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: mom6, ocean, earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction and 3 more

Joseph Jacob [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Rocky Dunlap [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: babeltrace, esmf, profiling, trace, earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmx, model-coupling and 4 more

Ben Koziol [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Dennis Flanigan [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Samson Cheung [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

AHReedy [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

pkjr002 [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

MAKassien [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Access and Visualization
Topics:

Leonid Zaslavski [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

ceftanveer [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics: canada, disaster, flood, flood-risk-models, qgis

Tanveer singh Bhatia [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics: canada, disaster, flood, flood-risk-models, qgis

Himanshu Pillai [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Shep Smithline [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Robbie Staufer [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Jussi Leinonen [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: climate-science, weather

Gerhard Theurich [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Brice Womack [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Ryan Schmidt [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: antlr, astronomy, dicom, eigen3, fits-files, geophysics, grib, gsl-library, hdf, hdf5 and 37 more

Robert Oehmke [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Michael Young [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Max Suarez [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Oliver Hennigh [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: convolutional-neural-network, convolutional-neural-networks, deep-neural-networks, deeplearning, distributed, python-framework, python-tensorflow, tensorflow2, tf-module, climate-science and 1 more

gertln [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: climate-science, weather

Ana Ordonez [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics:

Parker Schuh [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: c4, jax, large-language-models, model-flops, parallelism, research, deep-reinforcement-learning, reinforcement-learning, transformer, convolutional-neural-network and 11 more

Éric Lemoine [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics: closure-compiler, typechecking, closure, closure-library, goog, 3D, three.js, geomapfish, geotools, jasperreports and 10 more

Alban Farchi [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Harmen Wierenga [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: earth-system-model, earth-system-modeling, earth-system-modeling-framework, earth-system-modelling, esmf, esmx, model-coupling, numerical-weather-prediction, nuopc, nwp and 1 more

Amidu O. Oloso [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics:

Thomas L. Clune [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics:

Purnendu Chakraborty [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics:

Jacob Burnim [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: bayesian-methods, probabilistic-programming, research, reinforcement-learning, tpu, convolutional-neural-network, convolutional-neural-networks, deep-neural-networks, deeplearning, distributed and 7 more

Eric Dupuis [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics:

Christine P. Chai [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: causal-inference, causality, econometrics, economics, treatment-effects

Dominik Stiller [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics:

Marco Mazzolini [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Downscaling
Topics: climate, climate-science, dem, downscaling, era5, geoscience

micguerr-bopen [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Alistair McIntyre [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics: cesium, geojson, mapstore, openlayers, tcatalog, tomcat

Alistair McIntyre [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

Anna GL [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change, Natural Resources
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling, Soil and Land
Topics: climate, climate-change, land, land-surface-model

Taylor Roper [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: gdas, gefs, gfs, jedi, s2s, ufs

Jessica Meixner [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: gdas, gefs, gfs, jedi, s2s, ufs

Jesse Rusak [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Jonathan Neuhauser [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

will-s-hart [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics: cdat, cf-conventions, climate-analysis, climate-data, climate-data-analysis, climate-research, climate-science, climate-sciences, cmip, cmip6 and 3 more

eirikhaugstulen [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics:

Abyot Asalefew Gizaw [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics:

egallmeier [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics: geoscience, ugrid, unstructured-grids

Alex Goodman [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: climate

RichardScottOZ [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: cog, cogeotiff, geotiff, rasterio

Pier Lorenzo Marasco [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Josef Kellndorfer [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

peterm790 [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Hector Baril [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Zach Griffith [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Tom Augspurger [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: compressed, ndimensional-arrays, zarr, stac, opendatacube, geoparquet

Louis Maddox [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: docs, documentation-tool, restructuredtext, sphinx, asyncio, trio

Josef Kellndorfer [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Nathan Zimmerman [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: databricks, location, earth-observation, geospatial-analytics, civic-apps-team, stac, geospatial-processing, geotrellis, bicycling, bikeshare and 9 more

Juan Nunez-Iglesias [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: ngff, ome, ome-zarr, zarr, compressed, ndimensional-arrays, spec-0, spec-1, spec-4

Vincent Schut [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: Bayesian Iterative Updating, Deforestation Detection, RADD, Sentinel-1, deforestation, radar, compressed, ndimensional-arrays, zarr, geospatial-data and 12 more

Kevin Paul [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

David Stuebe [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Lawson Woods [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Aleksandar Jelenak [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: cf, data-language, hdf5, ndarray, netcdf4

Marlies [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics: coastal, morphology, numerical, sediment-transport, storm-surge, waves, xbeach

Isaac Virshup [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: chemistry, molecular-dynamics-simulation, image-analysis, single-cell-genomics, single-cell-rna-seq, spatial-analysis, spatial-transcriptomics, squidpy, declarative, graph-library and 55 more

Steven Bamford [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: alignment, flexible, astronomy, astrophysics, astropy

Roland Schweitzer [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: flux, longwave-radiation, ocean, oceanography, shortwave-radiation, ocean-data, ocean-sciences, salinity, salinity-profile, temperature and 1 more

kpl [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Mark Kittisopikul [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: data-storage, hdf5, hdf5-binaries, hdf5-files, hdf5-library, jld, mat, conda, algorithm, automl and 7 more

Alex Merose [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Niko Sirmpilatze [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics:

Adam Warde [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Access and Visualization
Topics:

Zsolt Cserna [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: unit-testing, typechecker, typing

Bas Nijholt [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: smart-plugs, tuya, wifi, varta, varta-storage, azure-sdk, mesh, mesh-processing, meshviewer, open-science and 58 more

Lukas Bindreiter [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: compressed, ndimensional-arrays, zarr

Gabi Davar [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: netcdf4, geometry, disk, freebsd, memory, netbsd, openbsd, osx, ps, psutil and 37 more

xantares [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: unidata, unidata-netcdf, cfd, cfd-general-notation, cgns, fluid-dynamics, hdf5, parallel-io, opencv, file-format and 47 more

Insang Song [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics:

anmolnegi31 [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics:

Karl Krauth [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: declarative, graph-library, interactive, plotly, plotly-dash, plotlyjs, regl, sparkles

GRI-Admin [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

Zac-HD [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Standards
Topics: varta, varta-storage, python-3-6, teaching-materials, gdal, fuzz-testing, fuzzing, oss-fuzz, stability, vulnerabilities and 54 more

seblehner [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics: anuclim, climate-analysis, climate-science, icclim, netcdf4, xclim

Faisal Mahmood [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics: anuclim, climate-analysis, climate-science, icclim, netcdf4, xclim

Mark Hedley [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics: earth-science, grib, iris, meteorology, oceanography, spaceweather, visualisation, spatial-data-analysis, cartopy, geometry and 5 more

Philipp Rudiger [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Climate Data Processing and Analysis
Topics: earth-science, grib, iris, meteorology, oceanography, spaceweather, visualisation, spatial-data-analysis, earth-data, environmental-simulation and 22 more

Xander Cai [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

Luke Parkinson [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

Rose Pearson [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

UOCNT [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

Angus L [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

Martin Nguyen [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics:

ahagen [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Integrated Assessment and Climate Policy
Topics:

Michael Anstett [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics:

MrQQish [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Natural Hazard and Storm
Topics: catastrophe-model, catastrophe-modelling, hazard, insurance, loss, reinsurance, vulnerability

Andy Stokely [email protected]

OST Projects: 1
Categories: Climate Change
Sub Categories: Earth and Climate Modeling
Topics: